Treatment regimen

CROSS regimen: chemoradiotherapy before oesophageal surgery

Carboplatin AUC 2 and paclitaxel 50 weekly with 41.4 Gy

Updated: 28 October 20261 min read2 references

Summary for doctors

  • Resectable oesophageal or junctional cancer (squamous or adenocarcinoma) [1].
  • 5 weeks of weekly chemotherapy with 41.4 Gy in 23 fractions, then surgery [1].
  • If residual tumour remains after surgery: adjuvant nivolumab for one year [2].

Dose and schedule

CROSS

Resectable oesophageal cancer, before oesophagectomyCycle length: Weekly

Resectable oesophageal cancer, before oesophagectomy

DrugDoseRouteSchedule
CarboplatinAUC 2IVDays 1, 8, 15, 22 and 29
Paclitaxel50 mg/m²IVDays 1, 8, 15, 22 and 29
Radiotherapy41.4 Gy in 23 fractions5 days a week, concurrent
Cycle length
Weekly
Duration
5 weeks; surgery about 4 to 6 weeks after completion

Doses as in the CROSS study [1]. Adjuvant nivolumab: 240 mg every 2 weeks for 16 weeks, then 480 mg every 4 weeks up to one year [2].

Evidence: CheckMate 577 (2021), CROSS (2012)

Doses follow the trial protocol, guideline or official drug label (source given in the notes of each regimen). Before prescribing, check blood counts, renal and hepatic function, drug interactions and the patient’s condition, and adjust the dose according to the drug label.

Premedication and supportive care

  • Paclitaxel premedication: dexamethasone and H1 and H2 antihistamines per protocol.
  • Antiemetics: low to moderate emetogenicity; 5-HT3 or dexamethasone.
  • Nutrition: early assessment and tube feeding if needed; radiation oesophagitis is common.

Monitoring and dose adjustment

  • Weekly blood counts; with severe neutropenia or thrombocytopenia that week's dose is omitted.
  • Calculate carboplatin each week (or each cycle) from the creatinine clearance with the Calvert formula.

Main evidence

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CROSS: compared with surgery alone, median survival rose from 24 to 49.4 months; pathological complete response 29% (49% in squamous cell carcinoma) [1]. CheckMate 577: adjuvant nivolumab in patients with residual disease increased median disease-free survival from 11 to 22.4 months [2].

Related cancer types

References

2 references
Show all references, 2 with a study cardClose the reference list

Numbers in the text, such as [1], refer to these sources. Sources with a “Study card” button are summarised in the site’s evidence library.

  1. 1
    Preoperative chemoradiotherapy for esophageal or junctional cancervan Hagen P, Hulshof MC, van Lanschot JJ, et al · N Engl J Med · 2012;366:2074-84
    Study cardDOIPubMed Back to text: 1 2 3 4
  2. 2
    Adjuvant Nivolumab in Resected Esophageal or Gastroesophageal Junction CancerKelly RJ, Ajani JA, Kuzdzal J, et al · N Engl J Med · 2021;384:1191-1203
    Study cardDOIPubMed Back to text: 1 2 3

This page is based on reputable scientific sources and was last updated on 28 October 2026. The content of this website is for educational and informational purposes only and does not replace consultation, diagnosis or treatment by a specialist physician. Consult your treating physician about any treatment decision.