Clinical guideline
EAU Guidelines on Nonmuscle-invasive Bladder Cancer (TaT1 and CIS) - A Summary of the 2026 Guidelines Update
Eur Urol · 2026
Studies and guidelines: Bladder cancer
23 items with a structured summary · Bladder cancer: the complete guide
Clinical guideline
European Association of Urology Guidelines on Muscle-invasive and Metastatic Bladder Cancer: Summary of the 2025 Guidelines
Eur Urol · 2025
Clinical trial · Phase 3
Adjuvant nivolumab versus placebo for high-risk muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma: 5-year efficacy and ctDNA results from CheckMate 274
Annals of Oncology · 2026
21.9 months (95% CI 18.8–36.9) with nivolumab vs 11.0 months (8.3–16.6) with placeboMedian DFS in all randomised patients
Clinical trial · Phase 3
Enfortumab Vedotin and Pembrolizumab in Cisplatin-Eligible Bladder Cancer
N Engl J Med · 2026
79.4% vs 66.2%2-year event-free survival
Clinical trial · Phase 3
Perioperative Enfortumab Vedotin and Pembrolizumab in Bladder Cancer
N Engl J Med · 2026
74.7% vs 39.4%2-year event-free survival
Clinical trial · Phase 3
Adjuvant Pembrolizumab versus Observation in Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma
N Engl J Med · 2025
29.6 vs 14.2 monthsMedian disease-free survival
Clinical trial · Phase 3
Enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab in untreated locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma: 2.5-year median follow-up of the phase III EV-302/KEYNOTE-A39 trial
Ann Oncol · 2025
33.8 vs 15.9 monthsMedian overall survival
Clinical trial · Phase 2
Efficacy and Safety of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Patients With HER2-Expressing Solid Tumors: Primary Results From the DESTINY-PanTumor02 Phase II Trial
J Clin Oncol · 2024
37.1%Objective response in all patients
Clinical trial · Phase 3
Perioperative dose-dense methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (VESPER): survival endpoints at 5 years in an open-label, randomised, phase 3 study
Lancet Oncol · 2024
66% vs 57%5-year overall survival in the neoadjuvant subgroup
Clinical trial · Phase 3
Avelumab First-Line Maintenance for Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma: Results From the JAVELIN Bladder 100 Trial After ≥2 Years of Follow-Up
J Clin Oncol · 2023
Hazard ratio 0.76Overall survival (all patients)
Clinical trial · Phase 3
Erdafitinib or Chemotherapy in Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma
N Engl J Med · 2023
12.1 vs 7.8 monthsMedian overall survival
Clinical trial · Phase 3
Nivolumab plus Gemcitabine-Cisplatin in Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma
N Engl J Med · 2023
21.7 vs 18.9 monthsMedian overall survival
Clinical trial · Phase 3
Adjuvant Nivolumab versus Placebo in Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma
N Engl J Med · 2021
20.8 vs 10.8 monthsMedian disease-free survival (intention to treat)
Clinical trial · Phase 2
Pembrolizumab monotherapy for the treatment of high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer unresponsive to BCG (KEYNOTE-057): an open-label, single-arm, multicentre, phase 2 study
Lancet Oncol · 2021
41% (39 of 96)Complete response at 3 months
Review article
Bladder Cancer
JAMA · 2020
Intravesical BCG remains the mainstay of treatmentStandard treatment of intermediate- and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Clinical trial · Phase 3
Pembrolizumab as Second-Line Therapy for Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma
N Engl J Med · 2017
10.3 vs 7.4 monthsMedian overall survival (overall population)
Clinical trial · Phase 3
Radiotherapy with or without Chemotherapy in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
N Engl J Med · 2012
67% vs 54%Locoregional disease-free survival at 2 years
Observational study
Association Between Smoking and Risk of Bladder Cancer Among Men and Women
JAMA · 2011
Men: 3896 cases (144.0 per 100,000 person-years); women: 627 cases (34.5 per 100,000 person-years)Incident bladder cancer cases (over 4,518,941 person-years of follow-up)
Clinical trial
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy plus Cystectomy Compared with Cystectomy Alone for Locally Advanced Bladder Cancer
N Engl J Med · 2003
77 months with combined treatment vs 46 months with surgery aloneMedian survival (intention-to-treat analysis)
Clinical trial · Phase 3
ctDNA-Guided Adjuvant Atezolizumab in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
N Engl J Med · 2025
9.9 vs 4.8 monthsMedian disease-free survival
Clinical trial · Phase 3
Perioperative Durvalumab with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Operable Bladder Cancer
N Engl J Med · 2024
67.8% vs 59.8%24-month event-free survival
Clinical trial · Phase 3
Enfortumab Vedotin and Pembrolizumab in Untreated Advanced Urothelial Cancer
N Engl J Med · 2024
31.5 vs 16.1 monthsMedian overall survival
Clinical trial · Phase 3
Avelumab Maintenance Therapy for Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma
N Engl J Med · 2020
21.4 vs 14.3 monthsMedian overall survival (overall population)
Nothing found.